气凝胶
埃洛石
海水
海水淡化
碳纳米管
蒸发
材料科学
化学工程
太阳能淡化
纳米技术
复合材料
化学
膜
地质学
工程类
生物化学
海洋学
物理
热力学
作者
Liping Guo,Aiqiao Mi,Xiaolin Xue,Zhiying Wu,Huifang Gao,Huishan Shang,Dan Wang,Yafei Zhao,Bing Zhang
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.seppur.2024.126966
摘要
Solar vapor generation has emerged as a sustainable technique for seawater evaporation and desalination. Integrating high hydrophilicity, strong light absorbance, good salt resistance, fast water transfer and good structural stability simultaneously in one evaporator at low cost for achieving cost-effective evaporation and long-term utilization is highly desirable but still challenging. Herein, an eco-friendly and low-cost aerogel (CSH) with natural chitosan, halloysite nanotubes and silica fibers was prepared by freeze-casting, which was then carbonized to construct a robust aerogel (cCSH) as evaporator. The cellular structure of cCSH aerogel with microchannels enables fast water transfer and rapid salt dissolution, the carbonized chitosan favors enhanced light absorption, the halloysite assembled on the walls endows the aerogel with excellent hydrophilicity, and the silica fibers penetrating the multilayer guarantee good structural stability. As expected, the prepared evaporator (cCSH200) exhibits remarkable evaporation rates of 2.49/7.20 kg·m−2·h−1 under one/four sun, respectively, exceeding most biomacromolecule-derived aerogels. Besides, it displays outstanding salt resistance, wastewater purification ability and long-term cycle stability. Outdoor test further substantiates the admirable evaporation performance, long-term durability and enormous application prospect of the cCSH200. This work affords a low-cost tactic for the development of efficient evaporator for solar-driven seawater desalination and wastewater treatment.
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