Recent advances in metal-organic framework-based nanozymes and their enabled optical biosensors for food safety analysis

As a convenient and efficient analytical tool, the optical biosensor plays an essential part in the on-site and rapid detection for food safety. To expand its practical application, enzyme-mimicking nanomaterials (nanozymes), in particular metal-organic framework (MOF)-based nanozymes have been fabricated and applied in optical biosensors due to their abundant catalytic sites and stable catalytic activities. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of MOF-based nanozyme-enabled optical biosensors in food safety detection. The types of MOF-based nanozymes are categorized and optical biosensing strategies, such as colorimetric and fluorescent biosensors, are introduced from the perspective of the specific pathways. Practical applications of MOF-based nanozyme-enabled optical biosensors for the detection of food hazards, including biological and chemical hazards, are also emphasized. Finally, prospects and challenges are discussed to bring a bright future for the design of MOF-based nanozymes and their enabled optical biosensors in the field of food safety analysis.