Simultaneous detection and differentiation of common foodborne pathogens using tri-metallic magnetic microspheres as an aluminium foil based SERS substrate

structural and morphological measurements. The magnetic strength of the microspheres was evaluated using isothermal magnetization measurements. All three lab-grown bacteria were successfully detected using the SERS substrates, as confirmed by SERS measurements. The stability of the microspheres was examined by evaluating their effective sensitivity through SERS measurements of each pathogen over a period of 40 days. Additionally, the reproducibility of the microspheres was verified by calculating the relative standard deviations (RSDs) from SERS results across 12 batches of tri-metallic magnetic microspheres. Furthermore, the statistical technique Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used for strain differentiation.