With the continuous advancement of research in the field of high-entropy ceramic materials, high-entropy composite ceramics have attracted considerable attention from international scholars due to their unique properties and advantages derived from multicomponent and complex crystal structures. This review systematically examines global research progress on various high-entropy composite ceramic systems – including oxide-based, carbide-based, and boride-based composites – with a focus on preparation methods, structural characteristics, and performance metrics. It provides a comprehensive summary and analysis of the distinct properties exhibited by different systems, while also offering insights into future development prospects for high-entropy composite ceramic materials.