Laser Processing in Halide Photovoltaic Cells

ABSTRACT Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are regarded as the most promising new generation of green energy technology due to their outstanding device performance and simple processing technology. Traditional processing methods, such as thermal annealing and thermal evaporation, face significant challenges in further enhancing device performance and stability. In recent years, laser processing has garnered extensive attention from researchers due to its notable advantages in terms of speed, high efficiency, and controllability. In this review, we systematically summarize the role of laser in the active layer, transport layer, and electrode of perovskite photovoltaic cells. First, we systematically elucidate the mechanism governing the nucleation and crystallization of laser‐processed perovskite films, along with its influence on the micro‐nano structures of these films. Concurrently, a thorough explication of the micro‐nano structures pertaining to the laser‐processed transport layer, the interconnection between transport layers, the electrode, and their respective impacts on carrier transport and collection efficiency within the device will be provided. Most importantly, we believe that these approaches will provide scientists with new ways of thinking and system schemes for improving the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells.