医学
微刺激
四肢瘫痪
感觉系统
神经假体
神经科学
体感系统
中央前回
感觉
脊髓损伤
物理医学与康复
刺激
脊髓
心理学
磁共振成像
精神科
内科学
放射科
作者
Eric Herring,Emily L. Graczyk,William D. Memberg,Robert D. Adams,Gaudalupe Fernandez Baca-Vaca,Brianna C Hutchison,John T. Krall,Benjamin J. Alexander,Emily C. Conlan,Kenya E. Alfaro,Preethisiri R Bhat,Aaron Ketting-Olivier,Chase A. Haddix,Dawn M. Taylor,Dustin J. Tyler,Jennifer A. Sweet,Robert F. Kirsch,A Bolu Ajiboye,Jonathan P. Miller
出处
期刊:Neurosurgery
[Oxford University Press]
日期:2023-11-20
被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.1227/neu.0000000000002769
摘要
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Paralysis after spinal cord injury involves damage to pathways that connect neurons in the brain to peripheral nerves in the limbs. Re-establishing this communication using neural interfaces has the potential to bridge the gap and restore upper extremity function to people with high tetraplegia. We report a novel approach for restoring upper extremity function using selective peripheral nerve stimulation controlled by intracortical microelectrode recordings from sensorimotor networks, along with restoration of tactile sensation of the hand using intracortical microstimulation. METHODS: A 27-year-old right-handed man with AIS-B (motor-complete, sensory-incomplete) C3–C4 tetraplegia was enrolled into the clinical trial. Six 64-channel intracortical microelectrode arrays were implanted into left hemisphere regions involved in upper extremity function, including primary motor and sensory cortices, inferior frontal gyrus, and anterior intraparietal area. Nine 16-channel extraneural peripheral nerve electrodes were implanted to allow targeted stimulation of right median, ulnar (2), radial, axillary, musculocutaneous, suprascapular, lateral pectoral, and long thoracic nerves, to produce selective muscle contractions on demand. Proof-of-concept studies were performed to demonstrate feasibility of using a brain-machine interface to read from and write to the brain for restoring motor and sensory functions of the participant's own arm and hand. RESULTS: Multiunit neural activity that correlated with intended motor action was successfully recorded from intracortical arrays. Microstimulation of electrodes in somatosensory cortex produced repeatable sensory percepts of individual fingers for restoration of touch sensation. Selective electrical activation of peripheral nerves produced antigravity muscle contractions, resulting in functional movements that the participant was able to command under brain control to perform virtual and actual arm and hand movements. The system was well tolerated with no operative complications. CONCLUSION: The combination of implanted cortical electrodes and nerve cuff electrodes has the potential to create bidirectional restoration of motor and sensory functions of the arm and hand after neurological injury.
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