A three-mode biosensor for hypoxanthine assay in aquatic products under various storage conditions

Establishing a rapid and accurate method for monitoring the freshness of aquatic products is of great importance. Hypoxanthine has been considered an essential indicator of aquatic products' freshness. Here, a novel smartphone colorimetric / inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) / photothermal three-mode sensing strategy was established for monitoring hypoxanthine. Hypoxanthine can be catalyzed by xanthine oxidase to H