视神经脊髓炎
光谱紊乱
视神经炎
脊髓炎
医学
疾病
叙述性评论
拉丁美洲
重症监护医学
多发性硬化
神经科学
政治学
心理学
病理
精神科
法学
脊髓
作者
Edgar Carnero Contentti,María Bárbara Eizaguirre,Pablo A. López,Berenice Silva,Verónica Tkachuk,Santiago Tizio,Ricardo Alonso
标识
DOI:10.31083/j.jin2304074
摘要
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by severe attacks of optic neuritis, myelitis, and/or area postrema. Advances in understanding the pathophysiology of NMOSD have led to improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. There has been a notable increase in research efforts worldwide, including in Latin America (LATAM). In recent years, LATAM has witnessed a surge in research on NMOSD, resulting in a growing body of evidence on various aspects such as epidemiology, clinical manifestations, paraclinical features (including AQP4-IgG [Aquaporin-4-immunoglobulin G] and imaging), acute and long-term treatment strategies, as well as accessibility to diagnostic tests. This narrative review aims to present the most relevant findings from different NMOSD cohorts in LATAM, providing a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the disease in the region, while considering its unique characteristics and challenges. LATAM-focused evidence is crucial for adding valuable information to the international dataset and is therefore summarized in this review.
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