Recent Progress of Covalent Organic Frameworks Applied in Electrochemical Sensors

As an emerging porous crystalline organic material, the covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are given more and more attention in many fields, such as gas storage and separation, catalysis, energy storage and conversion, luminescent devices, drug delivery, pollutant adsorption and removal, analysis and detection due to their special advantages of high crystallinity, flexible designability, controllable porosities and topologies, intrinsic chemical and thermal stability. In recent years, the COFs are applied in analytical chemistry, for instance, chromatography, solid-phase microextraction, luminescent and colorimetric sensing, surface-enhanced Raman scattering and electroanalytical chemistry. The COFs decorated electrodes show high performance for detecting trace substances with remarkable selectivity and sensitivity, such as heavy metal ions, glucose, hydrogen peroxide, drugs, antibiotics, explosives, phenolic compounds, pesticides, disease metabolites and so on. This review mainly summarized the application of COF based electrochemical sensor according to different target analytes.