From Prompts to Dependency: Standardization of the AI Chatbot Dependence Scale In A Turkish Context And Associations With Big Five Personality Traits

With the rapid spread of AI-powered chatbots in various domains, concerns have emerged regarding potential psychological dependencies on these technologies. This study aimed to standardize the Artificial Intelligence Chatbot Dependence Scale (AICDS) for a Turkish university student sample and to examine its psychometric properties and associations with demographic features, and Big Five personality traits. Data were collected from 819 participants aged 18–36. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported an unidimensional structure after removing two items, yielding a six-item scale with strong internal consistency (α = 0.86) and temporal stability. Women reported significantly higher dependency scores than men. However, personality traits did not significantly differ between AI chatbot users and non-users. Results indicated that while neuroticism was a significant predictor, personality traits overall played a limited role. This validated Turkish version of the AICDS provides a reliable tool for future research and interventions targeting excessive reliance on AI chatbots.