The fundamental optimal relation and the bounds of power output and efficiency for an irreversible Carnot engine

By using the finite-time thermodynamic method, the optimal performances of a Carnot engine under the influence of thermal resistance, heat loss and other irreversibilities are studied and the fundamental optimal relation for the engine is derived. Thus, a new theory for irreversible Carnot cycles is established, together with some significant discussions. The results obtained here are more general and useful than those in the relevant literature.