Separation, preconcentration and speciation of organic phosphorus in environmental samples.

This paper provides a broad, and by no means comprehensive, review of approaches that have been used historically and that are currently in use to measure organic phosphorus, and to isolate, quantify and characterize individual organic phosphorus species in sediments, soils, waters and extracts. These approaches include: reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration; lyophilization; precipitation and coprecipitation; solid phase extraction; peroxydisulfate oxidation; ultraviolet photo-oxidation; selective oxidation; enzymatic determination; size exclusion chromatography/gel filtration; ion-exchange chromatography; partition chromatography; gas chromatography; capillary electrophoresis; and spectrometric techniques.