Validity and Reliability of The Instrument Using Exploratory Factor Analysis and Cronbach’s alpha

The study was conducted to produce empirical data on the reliability and validity of the Teaching Framework for Mathematics (TF@Maths) questionnaire. A survey was conducted in one public university and one institution of teacher education in Northern Zone of Malaysia towards 436 students from the Mathematics Education. The reliability and validity of the TF@Maths questionnaire were tested with the Cronbach’s alpha and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) respectively using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 23. The TF@Maths questionnaire is a 7 point Likert- scale survey consisted of 86 items. The Cronbach’s alpha test conducted shows that the overall score was 0.939 indicating high reliability of the items in the instrument. For validity, EFA was then conducted with the items using principal component analysis extraction and Varimax rotation. There were 62 items retaining with the factor loadings that was above 0.4. The factor analysis shows that the TF@Maths produced six factors, namely: mathematics content knowledge, mathematical pedagogical knowledge, general pedagogical knowledge, classroom management skill, mathematics disposition and quality mathematics teacher. The findings of TF@Maths will bebefit educational practitioners in designing a Teaching Mathematics Framework.