材料科学
碳纳米纤维
超级电容器
纳米纤维
微型多孔材料
化学工程
碳纤维
电解质
储能
比表面积
介孔材料
纳米技术
电化学
电极
碳纳米管
复合材料
复合数
化学
有机化学
催化作用
功率(物理)
物理
物理化学
量子力学
工程类
作者
Xiang‐Qian Zhang,Qiang Sun,Wei Dong,Duo Li,An‐Hui Lu,Jian-Qing Mu,Wen‐Cui Li
出处
期刊:Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability
[The Royal Society of Chemistry]
日期:2013-01-01
卷期号:1 (33): 9449-9449
被引量:58
摘要
Porous carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are regarded as essential components of high-performance energy storage devices in the development of renewable and sustainable resources, due to their high surface areas, tunable structures, and good conductivities. Herein, we report new synthesis methods and applications of two types of porous carbon nanofibers, i.e., colloidal mesoporous carbon nanofibers as electrode materials for supercapacitors, and microporous carbon nanofibers as substrate media for lithium–sulfur (Li-S) batteries. These carbon nanofibers can be synthesized either by confined nanospace pyrolysis or conventional pyrolysis of their polymeric precursors. The supercapacitor electrodes which are fabricated via a simple dipping and rinsing approach exhibit a reversible specific capacitance of 206 F g−1 at the current density of 5 A g−1 in 6.0 mol L−1 aqueous KOH electrolyte. Meanwhile, the Li-S batteries composed of microporous carbon nanofiber-encapsulated sulfur structures exhibit unprecedented electrochemical performance with high specific capacity and good cycling stability, i.e., 950 mA h g−1 after 50 cycles of charge–discharge. The excellent electrochemical performance of CNFs is attributed to their high-quality fiber morphology, controlled porous structure, large surface area, and good electrical conductivity. The results show that the carbon nanofibers represent an alternative promising candidate for an efficient electrode material for energy storage and conversion.
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