Interaction of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin during co-pyrolysis and their effects on pyrolysis products

Biomass plays a vital role in alleviating the energy crisis and environmental pressure through its efficient conversion and utilization. Pyrolysis technology has become one of the core pathways for biomass resource utilization. However, the complex interactions among the three core components of biomass (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) during the pyrolysis process complicate the in-depth analysis of biomass pyrolysis mechanisms and the optimization of pyrolysis processes. In this study, TG-GC/MS tandem technology was employed to systematically investigate the individual and co-pyrolysis characteristics of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. The interactions between components were quantitatively analyzed by comparing experimental values with calculated superimposed values, and the distribution pattern of pyrolysis products was clarified through qualitative detection via GC/MS. The key findings were as follows: (1) due to the inherent characteristics of their chemical structures, the three components exhibit obvious differences in pyrolysis properties and characteristic products; (2) specific interactions exist between components during the co-pyrolysis process. By revealing the co-pyrolysis interactions between components and the product regulation mechanism, this research not only deepens the understanding of the intrinsic nature of biomass pyrolysis but also provides key data support and theoretical references for the high-value application of biomass pyrolysis technology.