Patent landscape and therapeutic evolution of mazdutide: a dual GLP-1/Glucagon receptor agonist for obesity and type 2 diabetes

INTRODUCTION: Mazdutide is a dual glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1 R) and glucagon receptor (GCGR) agonist representing a new generation of incretin-based therapeutics for obesity and type 2 diabetes. While its clinical efficacy is increasingly recognized, the intellectual property framework that underpins its development and long-term positioning has not been systematically examined. AREAS COVERED: This review presents a comprehensive patent landscape analysis of mazdutide and related oxyntomodulin analogs. Patent documents were identified using the Patentscope database, covering filings between 2015 and 2025. Twelve patent families were analyzed, encompassing composition-of-matter, process chemistry, formulation technologies, dosing regimens, and therapeutic applications. The analysis traces the evolution of innovation from early peptide design by Eli Lilly to later formulation, clinical, and indication-expansion strategies led by Innovent Biologics, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, hyperuricemia, and adolescent obesity. EXPERT OPINION: Mazdutide illustrates how layered patent strategies integrating molecular design, manufacturability, formulation stability, and clinical use claims can secure durable exclusivity. This approach provides a strategic model for future dual and multi-receptor peptide therapeutics.