The process of Ni-P-Cr2O3 electroless composite plating and the effects of RE on the process of Ni-P-Cr2O3 electroless composite plating were studied. The results show that the best process parameter of Ni-P-Cr2O3 electroless composite plating is Cr2O3∶10g/L, (86±2)℃, pH=4.7. An amount of RE multiply increases the deposition of Cr2O3 particles. RE deposites with Ni, P particles and Cr2O3 particles together, while the micro-alloying occurs. The composite coating with RE forms.