Objective To investigate the relationship between the gene polymorphism of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) gene and plasma aldosterone (pAldo) levels in Chinese hypertensive patients. Methods The aldosterone synthase gene polymorphism was studied using PCR-RELP techniques in 106 subjects of Chinese Han hypertension people. The plasma aldosterone (pAldo) was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Results Both TT and CT were major frequent genotypes. Significant differences of plasma aldosterone (pAldo)levers were founded among the TT,TC and CC genotypes in essential hypertension population (P0.01). Conclusion The plasma aldosterone (pAldo) level was associated with aldosterone synthase gene polymorphism in Chinese Han people with essential hypertension, and the -344C allele was associated with higher plasma aldosterone levels (P0.05).