Agricultural production materials such as seeds, chemical fertilizer, pesticide and so on are indispensable cost, and their price fluctuation will bring higher cultivating cost to agricultural production, and then affect the cultivating enthusiasm of farmers and the income increase. Based on the statement of negative impact of the agricultural production materials price fluctuation on agricultural production, this paper combs the agricultural production materials price fluctuation process in recent years,analyses the reason for price rising, and discusses the countermeasures to improve the management of the agricultural production materials, maintain the price stable and promote agricultural production in our country.