The traditional diesel engine′'s emission, especially to the NO x and smoke, has been one of the important problems in research of the internal combustion engine. The mode of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) is a effective way to solve the problem by combustion. This paper introduces the development status of the HCCI diesel engine, the combustion mechanism of HCCI and its working procedure, and discusses about the main problems and their settling approach of the HCCI diesel engine.