Single-cell multi-omics analysis identifies SPP1+ macrophages as key drivers of ferroptosis-mediated fibrosis in ligamentum flavum hypertrophy

Our findings indicated that SPP1⁺ Mac may contribute to LFH fibrosis by regulating ferroptosis in High Ferro-score FB through the SPP1-CD44 axis. This study enhances our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying LFH progression, potentially improving early diagnostic strategies and identifying new therapeutic targets.