Three-Dimensional Porous Structure Coupled with Indium-Alloying towards Stable Zn Metal Electrode in Rechargeable Aqueous Batteries

A three-dimensional (3D) porous In–Zn alloy electrode is built using self-synthesized 3D porous Cu with a pore size of several micrometers as the substrate. The 3D porous structure can provide uniform current distribution, Indium can reduce the nucleation overpotential, thus inducing uniform Zn deposition. The full Zn-ion battery using the 3D In–Zn alloy electrode retains 96.1 mAh g[Formula: see text] with retention of 83.6% after 2000 cycles at 1.8 A g[Formula: see text].