Effect of Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI) and Systemic Immuno-Inflammation Index (SII) on mortality in heart failure patients

Abstract Introduction Heart failure (HF) is a structural and functional disease that affects millions of people worldwide. The role of inflammation has been demonstrated in many diseases. However, the impact of the Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI) and the Systemic Immuno-Inflammation Index (SII) on mortality in HF patients has not been adequately investigated. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to demonstrate the effect of SIRI and SII on mortality in patients diagnosed with HF. Methods Our research is a retrospective, single-centre study comprising patients who were diagnosed with HF and presented at the emergency department. We focused on those diagnosed with decompensated HF between January and November 2022. The study recorded the demographic information and hemogram parameters of the patients. The patients’ in-hospital mortality status was recorded and the effect of these parameters on mortality was assessed. Results We recruited 122 eligible patients for our research study. Patients with mortality exhibited significantly higher median SIRI levels compared to those without mortality (6.07 (1.99-12.23) vs 2.46, p=0.038), and the group with mortality had significantly higher median SII levels compared to the other group (6625.05 (4704.73-7539.51) vs. 982.48 (180.69-1929.45); p<0.001). ROC curves were generated to assess the efficacy of WBC, SIRI, SII, and CRP parameters in discriminating mortality, and it was confirmed that WBC, SIRI, and SII were all statistically significant predictors of mortality. SIRI and SII demonstrated superior diagnostic ability compared with WBC and CRP, as evidenced by their respective AUC values of 0.929 and 0.671, sensitivities of 91.7% and 50%, and specificities of 91% and 94%. Conclusions SIRI and SII can be used as mortality indicators in heart failure patients.