Synthesis and Characterization of Mapbx3 (X= Cl, Br, I) Based Perovskites: Experimental and Scaps Simulation Correlation for Photovoltaic Applications

This work mainly focuses on synthesizing and evaluating the efficiency of MAPbX3 (X= Cl, Br, I) based perovskite solar cells. We used the colloidal Hot-injection method (HIM) to synthesize MAPbX3 (X= Cl, Br, I) perovskites using the specific precursors and organic solvents under ambient conditions. We studied methylammonium halide-based perovskites' structural, morphological and optical properties using XRD, FESEM, TEM, UV-Vis, PL and TRPL characterization techniques. The particle size and morphology of MAPbX3 perovskites vary from the halide variation. The MAPbI3 perovskite possess low band-gap, low carrier lifetime but delivered highest PCE among other halide perovskite samples, making it a promising candidate for solar cells technology. To further enrich the investigations, the conversion efficiency of the MAPbX3 perovskites has been evaluated through extensive device simulations. Here, the optical constants, band-gap energy and carrier lifetime of MAPbX3 were used for simulating three different perovskite solar cells, namely I, Cl or Br halide-based perovskite solar cells. MAPbI3, MAPbBr3 and MAPbCl3 absorber layer-based devices showed ~ 13.7%, 6.9% and 5.0% conversion efficiency. The correlation between the experimental and SCAPS simulation data for HIM-synthesized MAPBX3–based perovskites has been reported for the first time.