An ethyl cellulose-coated bacterial cellulose based hydrophobic and degradable straw-like materials towards drinking straws

Abstract In light of global petrochemical resource depletion and environmental issues stemming from widespread plastic use, disposable straws present complex issues stemming from their extensive usage, non-recyclability in most areas, and incomplete biodegradability. Therefore, finding a high-performance alternative to mitigate plastic straw-related environmental problems is critical. Cellulose deratives are recognized as sustainable substitutes for plastics, yet the hydrophilic naure restricts their application as straws. This study introduces a microplastic-free straw made from bacterial cellulose (BC). Enhanced with ethyl cellulose (EC), a thermoplastic and water-insoluble cellulose derivative, this BC-based straw exhibits improved mechanical properties (bending strength up to 66.82 MPa), hydrophobicity (water contact angle up to 110°), and heat resistance. These enhancements are attributed to its three-dimensional nanofiber network and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Moreover, it degrades significantly faster than commercially available polylactic acid-based straw in soil, with completely decomposition within 20 days. This positions the BC-based straw as a more health-conscious and environmentally friendly alternative to plastic straws.