两性离子
化学物理
材料科学
电介质
偶极子
软物质
离子
分子
化学
物理
有机化学
光电子学
胶体
作者
Wenwen Mei,August J Rothenberger,Joshua E. Bostwick,Joshua M Rinehart,Robert J. Hickey,Ralph H. Colby
标识
DOI:10.1103/physrevlett.127.228001
摘要
Materials exhibiting high dielectric constants (ϵs) are critical for energy storage and actuators. A successful approach to increase ϵs is to incorporate polar additives (with high ϵs) but controlling the resulting dispersion state is difficult. Here, we show that significant ϵs increases are realized by adding zwitterions, which are small molecules with a cation and an anion separated by covalent bonds. The increase in ϵs with zwitterion addition is attributed to the large molecular dipole of zwitterions, ranging from 35 to 41 D, as experimentally quantified and confirmed using density functional theory. At elevated zwitterion concentration in an ethylene glycol medium, there is a nonlinear increase of ϵs that eventually saturates due to the strong Coulombic interactions between zwitterions. The presented work provides a fundamental molecular understanding of why zwitterions are effective additives in boosting ϵs in soft materials.Received 29 June 2021Accepted 21 October 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.228001© 2021 American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasApplications of soft matterElectronically polarized systemsEnergy applicationsEnergy materialsPolymers & Soft Matter
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