A review on the effect of carboxylic acids and hydrophilic additives on the performance of cellulose acetate dialysis membrane

Dialysis is a process where solute is being transported through a membrane by diffusion resulting from concentration gradient [1]. Solutes will diffuse from high concentration to low concentration when two solutions with different concentration employing the same solvent are separated by a membrane. A small pressure differential, which is insignificant, affects the solutes transportation across a membrane had to be maintained, so that concentration provides the sole driving force during dialysis process. Besides, solvents also will be transported across a membrane if there is a gradient of osmotic pressure between the two solutions. Dialysis process is widely applied in hemodialysis and acid recovery from high concentration acidic wastewater [2].