清脆的
生物
反式激活crRNA
基因组
核糖核酸
Cas9
计算生物学
遗传学
CRISPR干扰
基因组编辑
核酸酶
DNA
引导RNA
基因
作者
Basem Al-Shayeb,Petr Skopintsev,Katarzyna M. Soczek,Elizabeth C. Stahl,Zheng Li,Evan Groover,Dylan Smock,Amy R. Eggers,Patrick Pausch,Brady F. Cress,Carolyn J. Huang,Brian Staskawicz,David F. Savage,Steven E. Jacobsen,Jillian F. Banfield,Jennifer A. Doudna
出处
期刊:Cell
[Elsevier]
日期:2022-11-01
卷期号:185 (24): 4574-4586.e16
被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2022.10.020
摘要
CRISPR-Cas systems are host-encoded pathways that protect microbes from viral infection using an adaptive RNA-guided mechanism. Using genome-resolved metagenomics, we find that CRISPR systems are also encoded in diverse bacteriophages, where they occur as divergent and hypercompact anti-viral systems. Bacteriophage-encoded CRISPR systems belong to all six known CRISPR-Cas types, though some lack crucial components, suggesting alternate functional roles or host complementation. We describe multiple new Cas9-like proteins and 44 families related to type V CRISPR-Cas systems, including the Casλ RNA-guided nuclease family. Among the most divergent of the new enzymes identified, Casλ recognizes double-stranded DNA using a uniquely structured CRISPR RNA (crRNA). The Casλ-RNA-DNA structure determined by cryoelectron microscopy reveals a compact bilobed architecture capable of inducing genome editing in mammalian, Arabidopsis, and hexaploid wheat cells. These findings reveal a new source of CRISPR-Cas enzymes in phages and highlight their value as genome editors in plant and human cells.
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