Status and progress of metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell: Towards large-scale manufactory and practical applications

Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells (MS-SOFCs) own advantages of high performance, fast start-up, thermal cycle stability, easy sealing, and reduced material cost. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the development of MS-SOFCs, particularly with respect to improved electrochemical performance, long-term stability, and industrial production. Previous studies have mainly focused on stainless steel-based MS-SOFCs, with an emphasis on the development of low-temperature preparation processes, antioxidant coatings, stable electrodes, and the direct utilization of hydrocarbon fuels. Notably, Ceres Power and GE have successfully commercialized MS-SOFCs and have constant cooperated with several institutions and companies, such as Jülich Research Center, Weichai and Cummins, to promote the performance and expand the market of MS-SOFC. Looking ahead, this review paper provides an outlook on future research directions in this rapidly evolving field.