Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and the heart

医学 内科学 孟德尔随机化 心脏病学 心力衰竭 糖尿病 疾病 动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病 代谢综合征 2型糖尿病 重症监护医学 肥胖 内分泌学 生物化学 化学 遗传变异 基因型 基因
作者
Stan Driessen,Sven Francque,Stefan D. Anker,Manuel Castro Cabezas,Diederick E. Grobbee,Maarten E. Tushuizen,Adriaan G. Holleboom
出处
期刊:Hepatology [Lippincott Williams & Wilkins]
被引量:41
标识
DOI:10.1097/hep.0000000000000735
摘要

The prevalence and severity of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are increasing. Physicians who treat patients with MASLD may acknowledge the strong coincidence with cardiometabolic disease, including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (asCVD). This raises questions on co-occurrence, causality, and the need for screening and multidisciplinary care for MASLD in patients with asCVD, and vice versa. Here, we review the interrelations of MASLD and heart disease and formulate answers to these matters. Epidemiological studies scoring proxies for atherosclerosis and actual cardiovascular events indicate increased atherosclerosis in patients with MASLD, yet no increased risk of asCVD mortality. MASLD and asCVD share common drivers: obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), smoking, hypertension, and sleep apnea syndrome. In addition, Mendelian randomization studies support that MASLD may cause atherosclerosis through mixed hyperlipidemia, while such evidence is lacking for liver-derived procoagulant factors. In the more advanced fibrotic stages, MASLD may contribute to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction by reduced filling of the right ventricle, which may induce fatigue upon exertion, often mentioned by patients with MASLD. Some evidence points to an association between MASLD and cardiac arrhythmias. Regarding treatment and given the strong co-occurrence of MASLD and asCVD, pharmacotherapy in development for advanced stages of MASLD would ideally also reduce cardiovascular events, as has been demonstrated for T2DM treatments. Given the common drivers, potential causal factors and especially given the increased rate of cardiovascular events, comprehensive cardiometabolic risk management is warranted in patients with MASLD, preferably in a multidisciplinary approach.
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