Ecofriendly green biosynthesis and characterization of novel bacteriocin-loaded bacterial cellulose nanofiber from Gluconobacter cerinus HDX-1

A new strain of bacterial cellulose (BC)-producing Gluconobacter cerinus HDX-1 was isolated and identified, and a simple, low-cost complexation method was used to biosynthesis Lactobacillus paracasei 1∙7 bacteriocin BC (BC-B) nanofiber. The structure and antibacterial properties of the nanofibers were evaluated. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that BC and BC-B nanofibers had typical crystalline form of the cellulose I. X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the bacteriocin and BC were successfully compounded, and the structure of BC-B nanofiber was tighter than BC nanofiber, with lower porosity, swelling ratio and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR). The tensile strength and Young's modulus of BC-B nanofibers were 13.28 ± 1.26 MPa and 132.10 ± 4.92 MPa, respectively, higher than that of BC nanofiber (6.12 ± 0.87 MPa and 101.59 ± 5.87 MPa), indicating that bacteriocin enhance the mechanical properties of BC nanofiber. Furthermore, the BC-B nanofibers exhibited significant thermal stability, antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity than BC nanofiber. Therefore, bacteriocin-loaded BC nanofiber may be used as antimicrobial agents in active food packaging and medical material.