Three-dimensional carbon frameworks enabling MoS2 as anode for dual ion batteries with superior sodium storage properties

Abstract A (MoS2/carbon fiber (CF))@MoS2@C hybrid has been prepared by an efficient method combining the electrospinning, hydrothermal and annealing techniques. Coupled with graphite as cathode, the hybrid enables the full cell (i.e., dual ion batteries) to deliver a high initial discharge capacity of 112.3 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 and maintain a high reversible capacity of 90.5 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 after 500 cycles. These remarkable sodium storage properties of (MoS2/CF)@MoS2@C are mainly attributed to its three-dimensional framework with its highly conductive, cross-linked structure, which effectively increases the conductivity of the hybrid and the mass loading of MoS2. Moreover, the MoS2 nanoplates embedded inside CF, as well as being sandwiched between the CF/MoS2 and a thin carbon layer, also can effectively buffer the pulverization and aggregation of the electrode, and thus maintain the structural integrity of (MoS2/CF)@MoS2@C during the charge-discharge process.