PPARs and TLR-NF-κB signaling pathway

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs) influence Toll-like receptors(TLRs)-nuclear receptor-κB(NF-κB) signaling pathway through diverse mechanisms to negatively regulate TLR-NF-κB signaling-mediated inflammation and immune responses under para-inflammation condition.However,in pathological states,the balance between inhibition and promotion of inflammation,which is regulated by PPARs and TLR-NF-κB signaling pathway,respectively,has been broken down,resulting in inflammatory cascade and eventually causing chronic non-infectious inflammatory diseases,such as atherosclerosis,ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis.This review mainly focuses on the interaction between PPARs and TLR-NF-κB signaling pathway either in para-inflammatory status or pathological state,which highlights the importance of PPARs in the process of inflammation and immune responses and provides new interfering targets for the treatment of the diseases like coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.