The effectiveness of innovative educational techniques based on the Transtheoretical Model on the self-care ability of patients with colorectal cancer undergoing ostomy: A randomized controlled trial

Objectives This study aimed to explore the impact of innovative health education technologies grounded in the transtheoretical model (TTM) on self-care ability, stoma-related complication incidence, and satisfaction among patients with colorectal cancer undergoing enterostomy. Methods A randomized controlled trial involving 200 patients who underwent enterostomy and who were admitted by random sampling between January 2022 and December 2022 was conducted. The patients were divided into a control and an intervention group. The control group was educated using conventional methods, whereas the intervention group was educated using innovative health education technologies grounded in the TTM. Self-care ability, stoma-related complication incidence, and satisfaction scores were compared between the two groups. Results All 200 patients completed the study. Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in self-care ability scores between the two groups ( t = -0.295, P = 0.870). After the intervention, the intervention group (56.31 ± 13.75) had a significantly higher score than the control group ( t = 22.328, P < 0.001). The comparison within each group revealed no significant change in the control group’s score ( t = -0.191, P = 0.984); however, the intervention group showed a significant difference ( t = -22.34, P < 0.001). The number of complications in the intervention group ( n = 11) was significantly lower than that in the control group ( n = 38) ( χ 2 = 19.71, P < 0.010). The number of satisfied patients in the intervention group ( n = 90) was significantly greater than that in the control group ( n = 59) ( χ 2 = 25.29, P < 0.001). Conclusions Applying innovative health education technologies based on the TTM for patients with enterostomy can effectively increase educational efficiency, improve patients’ self-care ability, reduce the incidence of stoma-related complications, and enhance patients’ satisfaction with the plan, thereby promoting innovation in health education.