Theranostics and Molecular-targeted Endo-radiotherapy: The Current Landscape and Future Directions

Molecular theranostics has revolutionized the field of personalized medicine, specifically augmenting "precision oncology" and is now integral in the management of malignancies like differentiated thyroid carcinoma, neuroendocrine tumors, and metastatic carcinoma prostate. The potential of theranostics is huge with possible applications in a variety of tumors, including at their early stages. This article will focus on the advancements in nuclear theranostics-highlighting the expanded indications of already established radionuclide therapies like peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), prostate specific membrane antigen radioligand therapy (PRLT), and meta-iodobenzylguanidine therapy (MIBG therapy); and also on novel radiolabeled theranostic agents targeting fibroblast activated protein (FAPI-based radiopharmaceuticals), chemokine receptor targeting agents (pentixfor/pentixather), integrins, cholecystokinin receptors and their potential applications.