Terephthalic acid intercalation strengthens NiFe-layered double hydroxide for durable and efficient seawater electrolysis

A terephthalic-acid intercalation strategy reinforces NiFe-LDH through C-O-Fe coordination, expanding interlayer spacing and optimizing charge transfer. The resulting NiFe-LDH(TPA) achieves 216 mV at 10 mA cm^-2 and 700 h durability in alkaline seawater, outperforming RuO₂. This molecular approach simultaneously enhances activity, stability, and corrosion resistance for seawater electrolysis.