Nano-selenium coordinates plant–microbiome redox for sustainable crops

Foliar selenium nanomaterials act as redox-active coordinators linking photosynthesis, root carbon allocation, and rhizosphere microbiomes. By enhancing photosynthesis, nitrogen cycling, and microbial function, they improve 'nitrogen use efficiency, crop quality, profitability, and greenhouse gas mitigation' under reduced fertilizer inputs. This framework highlights nano-enabled pathways toward sustainable agriculture.