Fenpropathrin Induces GLT-1 Ubiquitination and Increases IL-6 Secretion through the Mdm2-p53 Pathway

Human exposure to fenpropathrin, a widely used pesticide, is linked to Parkinson's-like symptoms in the body. However, a specific pathogenic mechanism is still unclear. This study found that fenpropathrin increased the expression of murine double minute 2 (Mdm2) and reduced the expression of p53. Fenpropathrin stimulated the expression of neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 4-like (Nedd4L) and promoted the secretion of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) through the Mdm2-p53 pathway. Nedd4L, a ubiquitin ligase, mediated the ubiquitination degradation of glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1), resulting in glutamate accumulation and excitotoxicity aggravation. Our findings elucidate part of the pathogenic mechanism of fenpropathrin toxicity and provide scientific evidence to help develop guidance for pesticide control and environmental protection.