Aquilariperoxide A, a Sesquiterpene Dimer from Agarwood of Aquilaria sinensis with Dual Antitumor and Antimalarial Effects

Aquilariperoxide A (1), an unprecedented sesquiterpene dimer characterized by a dioxepane ring connecting two sesquiterpene units via a C–C bond, was isolated from agarwood of Aquilaria sinensis-containing resins. The structure was elucidated by spectroscopic and computational methods. A bioassay revealed that 1 significantly inhibits cell proliferation and migration in human cancer cells. The mechanism of 1 against cancer cells was briefly discussed by analysis of RNA sequence data and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Besides, the antimalarial activity of 1 was also evaluated.