Active and Passive Metamaterials and Metasurfaces

The authors of this chapter begin by discussing the fundamentals of metamaterials and metasurfaces before moving on to active and passive metamaterials. This chapter is broken up into six different sections. In the first section, an overview of metamaterials and metasurfaces is provided, and in the second half, active and passive metamaterials and metasurfaces are discussed. This is followed by an explanation of active metamaterials and metasurfaces in part three, fabrication methods for metamaterials and metasurfaces in part four, future directions and challenges in the field of metamaterials in part five, and a conclusion in part six.