Multi-objective optimization study of regional integrated energy systems coupled with renewable energy, energy storage, and inter-station energy sharing

Globally, countries have established timelines and technological pathways towards achieving "carbon neutrality". Regional integrated energy systems, as an efficient and clean mode of energy provision, are particularly suitable for supplying various forms of energy to building users. However, due to the complexity of their structure and multiple energy flow couplings, regional integrated energy systems face challenges in system optimization, warranting further exploration in design optimization and benefit analysis. Therefore, a regional integrated energy system was established, integrating renewable energy, energy storage, and power/thermal sharing between stations. A multi-objective optimization model for the regional integrated energy system was established, targeting economic benefits, carbon reduction, and reliability. Overall benefits of the internal energy stations in the regional integrated energy system were meticulously analyzed, considering system benefits, inter-station energy sharing, and energy storage. Research findings indicate, the regional integrated energy system constructed in this study exhibited superior energy-saving, carbon reduction, and independence, compared to other integrated energy systems. For the proposed system, the annual total cost was 38.41 CNY/m2, primary energy consumption stood at 16.26 kWh/m2, carbon emission was recorded at 4.33 kg/m2, and the system interaction power measured 9.99 kWh/m2. Final, this study provides theoretical support for the application and promotion of regional integrated energy systems.