Cooperative operation strategy of multi-microgrid and charging station considering shared energy storage characteristics of electric vehicles

Shared energy storage (SES) can improve the efficiency of multi-microgrid (MMG) with large-scale renewable energy sources. However, due to high investment costs and long payback periods, their profitability has failed to meet expectations, which makes the realization of the desired win–win situation difficult for all participants (i.e., MMG and SES). To address these issues, this paper proposes a cooperative operation strategy for MMG and electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) considering the SES characteristics of electric vehicles (EVs). First, before establishing the MMG and EVCS operation models, the individual EV model is aggregated into an EV cluster (EVC) model based on Minkowski sum theory, which is used to define the dispatchable boundary of the SES. Second, a MMG-EVCS cooperation model is proposed using Nash bargaining theory, which is decomposed into two sub-problems, i.e., minimization of cooperative operation costs and bargaining of internal transactions. Third, according to the proposed MMG-EVCS cooperation model, the alternating direction method of multipliers is applied to determine the strategy of trading power and pricing. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy effectively improves the economy of participants.