Review of Swarm Formation Control and Obstacle Avoidance Technology in Multi-Agent Systems

With the rapid development of agent technology, multi-agent formation control has become a research hotspot in the field of artificial intelligence and control engineering, playing an increasingly critical role in practical applications. Based on years of research achievements by domestic and international scholars, this paper first introduces the research background and significance of multi-agent systems. Subsequently, from the perspectives of formation formation control and obstacle avoidance control, it elaborates on the principles, strengths, and weaknesses of various common algorithms. A comparative summary of widely used control algorithms is then presented, along with an analysis of the feasibility of hybrid algorithms to address their limitations. Finally, targeting the challenges in existing control algorithms, future research directions for multi-agent formation control are proposed, offering actionable solutions to advance the field.