1Yale University, New Haven, USA 2VA-CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA 3Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA 4Gastroenterology Section, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA US Abbreviations: None. Correspondence Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao, Yale School of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Digestive Diseases), P.O. Box 208019, New Haven, CT 06520-8019, United States. Email: [email protected]