A randomized control trial related to meal order of fruit, vegetable and high glycaemic carbohydrate in healthy adults and its effects on blood glucose levels and waist circumference

Background: The prevalence of obesity in adults has increased over the world, which results from changes in dietary intake and physical activity. Fruit consumption before meals decreases blood glucose level in patients with diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of meal order between fruit, vegetable and high glycaemic carbohydrate on blood glucose levels and WC in healthy adults. Methods: Thirty healthy adults, who aged 30-40 years old, worked as teachers of primary schools in Mantrijeron district, Yogyakarta City, and had ≥ BMI, participated in this trial study and were randomly divided into five groups: 6 persons in the control group (C) given only 175 g steamed white rice (SWR), 6 in the treatment (T1) group given a meal with order 50g banana (BN) -175 g SWR-75 g broccoli (BR), 6 in the T2 group with SWR-BN - BR, 6 in the T3 group with BN+BR-SWR7 and 6 in the T4 group with SWR – BN+BR. Waist circumference and blood glucose levels were measured in the first and last days of intervention while daily intake was collected using the FFQ. All collected data were analyzed using independent t and ANOVA tests blood glucose levels with p value p<0.05.Results: The T3 group had lower mean FBG and 1h ppBG levels than other groups while the lowest 1h ppBG levels group were in the T1 group after 3 days intervention. In addition, the highest reduction of WC was found in men and women in the T1 group. Inversed fruit consumption was positively associated with increase of FBL levels (OR=10.77; 95% CI: 0.393 – 295.109; p= 0.159).In conclucion, fruit and vegetable consumptions before eating high glycaemic carbohydrate lower blood glucose levels and fruit consumption only before eating high glycaemic carbohydrate reduces WC in healthy adults