[Three-dimensional quantitative evaluation of condylar bone remodeling of temporomandibular joint based on cone-beam CT imaging].

Objective: To establish a three-dimensional （3D） quantitative measurement and evaluate the condylar bone remodeling of temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Methods: Pre-and post-treatment cone-beam CT (CBCT) data were obtained from 41 patients ［10 males, 31 females, mean age of (19.7±4.4) years (12-30 years old)］, who visited the Center for TMD and Orofacial Pain, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from November 2014 to August 2019, and diagnosed with acute disc displacement without reduction or disc displacement with reduction, with intermittent locking and treated by manual disc reduction followed by anterior repositioning splint. First, condylar bone remodeling was evaluated according to the number of "double contour image" and qualitatively classified as no remodeling (no double contour image), partial remodeling (1-4 double contour images) and remarkable remodeling (5-6 double contour images). Then, condylar bone remodeling was quantitatively evaluated by CBCT based 3D measurement: segmenting condylar images using a semi-automatic method of the manually preliminary mark combined with watershed algorithm, reconstructing the surface models, superimposing the pre-and post-treatment condylar images and finally calculating the volumetric differences of condyle and condylar head, respectively. Results: The Kappa values of two-dimensional (2D) qualitative evaluation were 0.66-0.87, and 3D quantitative measurements of condyle and condylar head volume were also reliable, with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values of intra-observer 0.998/0.941 and inter-observer 0.999/0.942 respectively. The volumetric increment of the condyle and condylar head after treatment was (41.7±90.2) mm³ and (62.8±70.9) mm³, respectively. Eighty-two condyles were divided into three sub-groups: no remodeling (21), partial remodeling (20) and remarkable remodeling (41). Ranking of the volumetric increment of the condyle and condylar head after treatment was as follows: remarkable remodeling group>partial remodeling group>no remodeling group (P<0.05). Conclusions: The 3D quantitative measurement for evaluating condylar bone remodeling had excellent consistency and reliability, which was consistent with the qualitative classification for condylar bone remodeling. The condylar head as a region of interest was more sensitive to the volumetric changes.目的： 建立一种三维定量测量方法用于评估颞下颌关节髁突骨改建。 方法： 将2014年11月至2019年8月就诊于北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院颞下颌关节病及口颌面疼痛诊治中心且诊断为颞下颌关节急性不可复性关节盘前移位或关节盘绞锁、采用手法复位关节盘结合前伸再定位牙合垫治疗的41例患者（共82侧髁突）资料纳入研究，其中男性10例，女性31例，年龄为12~30（19.7±4.4）岁。获取治疗前后6~12个月的锥形束CT图像。根据髁突轴位、矢状位及冠状位影像中“双线征”数目定性评价髁突骨改建，将82侧髁突分为无改建组（0个“双线征”）、部分改建组（1~4个“双线征”）和显著改建组（5~6个“双线征”）3组。应用锥形束CT数据进行髁突骨改建的三维定量测量。采用基于人工预标注结合分水岭算法的半自动分割方法分别对治疗前后的锥形束CT影像进行分割，重建颞下颌关节髁突的表面模型，应用基于距离图的初始配准和基于灰度信息的二次配准，将治疗前后的髁突图像配准重叠后髁突和髁头的体积差定量反映髁突骨改建程度。 结果： 二维定性评价的Kappa值为0.66~0.87。三维定量测量髁突及髁头体积的同一研究者组内相关系数（intraclass correlation coefficient，ICC）值分别为0.998和0.941，不同研究者组间ICC值分别为0.999和0.942。治疗后髁突和髁头的体积较治疗前增加量分别为（41.7±90.2） mm³和（62.8±70.9） mm³。82侧髁突中无改建组21侧、部分改建组20侧，显著改建组41侧。显著改建组治疗后较治疗前髁突和髁头体积增加量均为最大，部分改建组次之，无改建组最小（P<0.05）。 结论： 三维定量测量评价髁突骨改建程度的方法一致性和可靠性良好，定量变化值可以反映不同程度的髁突骨改建，其中将髁头作为感兴趣区计算的体积变化量更敏感。.