SIRT1: Mechanism and Protective Effect in Diabetic Nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is referred to as the microvascular complication of the kidneys induced by insufficient production of insulin or an ineffective cellular response to insulin, and is the main cause of end-stage renal disease. Currently, available therapies provide only symptomatic relief and fail to improve the outcome of diabetic nephropathy. Studies on diabetic animals had shown overexpression of SIRT1 in both podocytes and renal tubular cells attenuated proteinuria and kidney injury in the animal model of DN. Sirt1 exerts renoprotective effects in DKD in part through the deacetylation of transcription factors involved in the disease pathogenesis, such as NF-кB, Smad3, FOXO and p53. The purpose of this review is to highlight the protective mechanism of SIRT1 involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.