单层
Valleytronics公司
自旋电子学
材料科学
磷烯
凝聚态物理
铁电性
点反射
异质结
纳米技术
化学物理
化学
光电子学
铁磁性
物理
电介质
摘要
Monolayer group-IV monochalcogenides (MX, M=Ge, Sn, Pb; X=S, Se, Te) are a family of novel two-dimensional (2D) materials that have atomic structures closely related to that of the staggered black phosphorus lattice. The structure of most monolayer MX materials exhibits a broken inversion symmetry and many of them exhibit ferroelectricity with a reversible in-plane electric polarization. A further consequence of the noncentrosymmetric structure is that when coupled with strong spin–orbit coupling, many MX materials are promising for the future applications in non-linear optics, photovoltaics, spintronics, and valleytronics. Nevertheless, because of the relatively large exfoliation energy, the creation of monolayer MX materials is not easy, which hinders the integration of these materials into the fast-developing field of 2D material heterostructures. In this Perspective, we review recent developments in experimental routes to the creation of the monolayer MX, including molecular beam epitaxy and two-step etching methods. Other approaches that could be used to prepare the monolayer MX are also discussed, such as liquid phase exfoliation and solution-phase synthesis. A quantitative comparison between these different methods is also presented.
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