Optical properties and photocurrent simulation of perovskite solar cell with rectangular nanorod array

Perovskite solar cell has emerged as one of the promising cells to combine low-cost fabrication and high power conversion efficiency. Great efforts have been devoted to the development of the perovskite solar cell to exploit the favorable electronic properties. So far the research is mainly focused on the electronic properties of the planar film stacked perovskite solar cell. The effect of microstructure on the optical and electronic properties of perovskite solar cell is not considered. In order to build on this progress, the optical and carrier transport simulation is carried out in the perovskite solar cell with microstructured surface by using the photoelectric coupling model. The rectangular nanorod array is applied to the perovskite solar cell to enhance the light absorption. The photocurrent of the perovskite cell with nanorod array is simulated. The Shockley-Read-Hall recombination and surface recombination are considered in the calculation of photocurrent. The optical and electronic properties of the structured surfaces with the different locations of nanorod array are compared to find out an optimal position of the nanorod array. The effects of the strcutual parameters of the nanorod array on the optical and electronic properties of perovskite solar cell are discussed. The results indicate that absorption of the perovskite solar cell can be obviously enhanced by the rectangular nanorod array and so the photocurrent is increased. The location of the nanorod array has great influence on the electronic properties of the cell. The solar cell with the nanorod array on the perovskite layer possesses the poorest conversion efficiency because of the large surface recombination velocity at CH3NH3PbI3/TiO2 interface. The performance of the solar cell with the nanorod array on the glass substrate is the best. Therefore, it is disadvantageous to fabricate the microstructure directly on the perovskite layer. The performance of the perovskite solar cell can be improved by the microstructure on the glass substrate, which enhances the light trapping of the perovskite solar cell without increasing any recombination.