The behavior of biomass flash pyrolysis was studied by pyrolysis gas chromatography.This paper mainly investigated the pyrolysis product distribution of poplar-sawdust at atmospheric pressure, a range of temperatures between 400℃ and 800℃, the heating rates of 500℃/s, 250℃/s and 100℃/s, and the several volatile residence times (0.6s~4s).The experimental results revealed that the pyrolysis product distribution notably depended on the pyrolysis conditions: pyrolysis temperature, volatile residence time and the heating rate.Under the operating conditions of pyrolysis temperature: 500℃, volatile residence time: 0.6s and the heating rate: 500℃/s, the maximum liquid yield 80% was obtain.The results of material balance showed that the study means and analytical method were feasible.